Specifications include, but are not limited to: EXCAVATION – The Contractor will excavate by hand where space, access, or existing utilities will not permit the use of machines. The Contractor may stockpile clean fill material suitable for reuse were directed by LES. Existing ground grid exposed during construction will be handled with care and reconnected by LES. PLACEMENT OF FILL AND BACKFILL – All fill and backfill shall be generally clean and free from frozen material. The suggested basis for controlling the placement of fill and backfill on the site, excluding free draining granular materials, are the optimum moisture content and maximum dry density as determined by ASTM D 698, Procedure A, Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12,400 ft-lbf/ft3 or 600kN-m/m3). The recommended acceptable values of moisture content and degree of compaction are given in the geotechnical report. FINISH GRADING – All disturbed areas will be finish graded. The finish surfaces shall be smooth, free from irregular surface changes and depressions/ in which water might accumulate. Grades shall be properly sloped to drain water. Where the grade requires adjustment, the grade shall be modified and properly compacted. The entire work area shall be fine graded to drain with a neat and orderly appearance.