• The consultants will examine the following three areas: (1) the likely, future daily demand, daily load, and daily load profiles in 2030 of different kinds of electric vehicle charging stations, including direct current fast charging (“DCFC”) stations, as well as Level 1 and Level 2 charging stations, in both publicly accessible locations as well as charging on private property such as homes, workplaces and fleet depots; (2) utilizing these likely load profiles and the Task 1 and 2 work, the aggregate EV daily charging profile in 2030 in key geographies across Massachusetts to allow policymakers, grid planners, and system operators to better understand the potential, cumulative impacts of EV charging on both the bulk power system and distribution grid; and (3) the load reduction and economic opportunity and other implications of load management for EV charging. • Regarding the third area of focus under Task 3, the consultants will: o Conduct a literature review regarding EV load management, with focus on the pervehicle potential for load management (and understanding variation based on methods and technologies used) and the costs and benefits of load management, especially regarding electric supply, transmission, and distribution impacts. o Use the results of the literature review, along with simple modeling and calculations as required, to develop a quantitative estimate of the potential for and implications of EV load management in Massachusetts in 2030, with an emphasis on a case with pervasive adoption of EV load management, utilizing the electric grid analysis conducted in Task 2, as well as electric utilities’ filed Electric System Modernization Plans and associated documentation, as appropriate. o Prepare an assessment of the potential revenue and business models for firms or services that could provide EV load management in Massachusetts, along with the necessary tools and processes that would need to exist in order to implement these business models (such as mechanisms to monetize non-wires alternatives) o Assess the implications of potential future changes in technology, such as greater utilization of bi-directional charging (or “vehicle to grid” technology), on the potential and implications of EV load management examined in this task.
